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 Ramesses IIRamesses II was an Egyptian pharaoh, the third king of the 19th dynasty. His 67-year reign was marked by prosperity, numerous clashes with the Hittites, and increased slavery. Ramesses had vast texts written about his personal valor and had numerous temples and monuments, particularly enormous statues of himself, erected throughout Egypt. He is also widely believed to have been the pharaoh who reigned during the Jewish exodus from Egypt that is described in the Bible. What is the Ramesseum? More...
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The inspiration for Shelley's "Ozymandias," I think.
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The Ramesseum is the memorial temple (or mortuary temple) of Pharaoh Ramesses II ("Ramesses the Great", also spelled "Ramses" and "Rameses"). It is located in the Theban necropolis in Upper Egypt, across the River Nile from the modern city of Luxor. The name – or at least its French form, Rhamesséion – was coined by Jean-François Champollion, who visited the ruins of the site in 1829 and first identified the hieroglyphs making up Ramesses's names and titles on the walls. It was originally called the House of millions of years of Usermaatra-setepenra that unites with Thebes-the-city in the domain of Amon.
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The name "Ramesseum" – or at least its French form, Rhamesséion – was coined by Jean-François Champollion, who visited the ruins of the site in 1829 and first identified the hieroglyphs making up Ramses' names and titles on the walls. Ramses' memorial temple, the Ramesseum – a place of worship dedicated to pharaoh, god on earth, where his memory would have been kept alive after his passing from this world. Surviving records indicate that work on the project began shortly after the start of his reign and continued for 20 years. Were it still standing, the Ozymandias colossus of Ramses (celebrated by poet Percy Bysshe Shelley in his sonnet "Ozymandias") would tower 18 meters above the ground, rivalling the Colossi of Memnon and the statues of Ramses carved into the mountain at Abu Simbel. http://www.sacred-destinations.com/egypt/luxor-ramesseum
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